Polymers
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
Complete topic list for Polymers in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Polymers
Basic Concepts and Definitions
- A polymer is a high molecular mass compound formed by linking many small units called monomers.
- Monomers are simple, reactive molecules that join together to form polymers.
- Homopolymers are made from one type of monomer; copolymers are made from two or more different monomers.
Types of Polymerization
- Addition polymerization involves unsaturated monomers adding to a growing chain without loss of small molecules.
- It proceeds via initiation, propagation, and termination steps.
- Condensation polymerization involves the elimination of small molecules like H₂O or HCl.
Classification of Polymers
- Based on source: Natural (starch, rubber) and Synthetic (PVC, nylon).
- Based on structure: Linear, Branched, Cross-linked.
- Based on molecular forces: Elastomers, Fibers, Thermoplastics, Thermosetting polymers.
Commercially Important Polymers
- Polythene: LDPE (branched) and HDPE (linear); used in bags, pipes.
- PVC: Made from vinyl chloride; used in raincoats, flooring.
- Teflon: Heat-resistant; used in non-stick coatings.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Polymers
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