Metals and Non-Metals
NIOS · Class 10 · Science & Tech
Summary of Metals and Non-Metals for NIOS Class 10 Science & Tech. Key concepts, important points, and chapter overview.
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Metals and non-metals are important in daily life, industry, and natural resources. Metals are generally lustrous, malleable, ductile, sonorous, dense, and good conductors of heat and electricity. Non-metals are generally dull, brittle, low in density, and poor conductors. Their chemical behaviour a
Key Concepts
Metals are generally malleable
Metals are generally malleable, ductile, lustrous, sonorous, dense, and good conductors of heat and electricity. They are usually hard and mostly soli
Non
Non-metals are generally non-lustrous, brittle, low in density, and poor conductors of heat and electricity. They may be solid, liquid, or gas. Bromin
Metals are electropositive and generally have
Metals are electropositive and generally have 1, 2, or 3 valence electrons, which they lose to form cations. Non-metals are electronegative and genera
Metals react with oxygen to form
Metals react with oxygen to form metal oxides, which are generally basic. Some metal oxides like Al2O3, ZnO, SnO, and Fe2O3 are amphoteric. Reactive m
Corrosion is the destruction of
Corrosion is the destruction of a metal surface by air and moisture. Rusting is the corrosion of iron and produces brown hydrated ferric oxide, Fe2O3.
Learning Objectives
- Differentiate between metals and non-metals on the basis of physical properties
- Describe the chemical properties of metals and non-metals
- Explain corrosion and methods of preventing rusting
- Distinguish between mineral and ore
- Understand the activity series of metals
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