Growth and Development in Plants
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Biology
Complete topic list for Growth and Development in Plants in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology. Key concepts, sub-topics, and what to focus on for board exams.
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Topics in Growth and Development in Plants
Growth and Development
- Growth is an irreversible increase in size, number, or volume of cells, organs, or the whole plant.
- Development includes all qualitative and quantitative changes from seed to death, including growth, differentiation, and maturation.
- Growth occurs in three stages: cell division, cell enlargement, and cell differentiation.
Plant Growth Curve and Measurement
- Sigmoid growth curve has three phases: Lag (slow), Log (rapid), and Stationary (plateau).
- Grand period of growth is the time during which growth is fastest.
- Growth can be measured in length, area, volume, or number of cells.
Factors Affecting Plant Growth
- External factors: Light, temperature, water, and mineral nutrients.
- Internal factors: Plant hormones (auxin, gibberellins, cytokinins, ethylene, abscisic acid).
- Light is essential for photosynthesis and photoperiodism.
Plant Growth Regulators (Hormones)
- Five major types: Auxin, Gibberellins, Cytokinins, Ethylene, Abscisic acid.
- Auxin (IAA): Promotes cell elongation, apical dominance, prevents fruit drop.
- Gibberellins: Promote stem elongation, break seed dormancy, induce parthenocarpy.
Key Concepts
Central concept: Growth and Development in Plants
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