Updated 6 August 2026·41 chapters

Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology — Syllabus 2026-27

Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology syllabus for 2026-27: all 41 chapters, with the topics in each. Follows the TOSS syllabus.

About this syllabus

The Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology course for 2026-27 has 41 chapters. Chapters with a topic breakdown link to their own syllabus page.

Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology — Chapter List

#	Chapter	Topics
1	Origin and Evolution of Life and Introduction to Classification	Origin of Life · Evidence for Organic Evolution · Theories of Evolution
2	Reproduction in Animals	Types of Reproduction · Human Male Reproductive System · Human Female Reproductive System
3	The Kingdom Monera, Protista and Fungi	Kingdom Monera · Kingdom Protista · Kingdom Fungi
4	Reproduction in Plants	Modes of Reproduction · Reproduction in Lower Plants · Sexual Reproduction in Angiosperms
5	Tools and Techniques Used in Biology	Microscopes and Their Types · Other Important Techniques
6	Kingdom Planate and Animalia	Kingdom Plantae: Algae, Bryophytes, and Pteridophytes · Seed Plants: Gymnosperms and Angiosperms · Animal Kingdom: Classification and Phyla
7	Growth and Development in Plants	Growth and Development · Plant Growth Curve and Measurement · Factors Affecting Plant Growth
8	General Laboratory Equipment	Incubator · Autoclave · Kymograph
9	Mendel Experiments	Heredity and Variation · Mendel's Experiments and Laws of Inheritance · Additional Genetic Concepts
10	Preservatives, Stains and Reagents	Preservatives · Stains · Reagents
11	Cell Structure and Function	The Cell Theory · Types of Cells · Structure and Function of Cell Components
12	Sex Determination	Types of Chromosomes · Chromosomal Theory of Sex Determination · Types of Sex Determination Mechanisms
13	Organisms Used in Laboratory Work	Common Organisms Cultured in the Laboratory · Methods of Culturing Organisms · Laboratory Equipment and Safety Measures
14	External Morphology - Plants	Root System · Stem and Leaf Morphology · Flower and Inflorescence
15	Genetics and Heredity	Heredity and Variation · Mendel's Experiments and Laws of Inheritance · Mendel's Laws of Inheritance
16	Aids in Biology	Zoological Museum · Botanical Garden and Greenhouse · Herbarium
17	Plant Tissues and Animal Tissues	Plant Tissues · Animal Tissues · Levels of Organization
18	Molecular Inheritance and Gene Expression	Discovery of DNA as Genetic Material · Structure of DNA · RNA and Its Types
19	Anatomy - Root & Shoot	Internal Structure of Dicot Root · Internal Structure of Dicot Stem · Internal Structure of Monocot Root
20	Genetics and Society	Gene Cloning and Gene Bank · Recombinant DNA Technology · Transgenic Organisms
21	Absorption, Transport and Water Loss in Plants	Water Absorption in Plants · Osmosis and Water Potential · Transport of Water in Xylem
22	Principles of Ecology	Environment and Levels of Organization · Ecosystem Structure and Function · Food Chain and Food Web
23	Mineral Nutrition	Essential Elements and Their Criteria · Macronutrients and Micronutrients · Hydroponics and Aeroponics
24	Conservation and Use of Natural Resources	Natural Resources and Their Classification · Soil and Water Conservation · Biodiversity and Its Conservation
25	Nitrogen Metabolism	Nitrogen Cycle Overview · Nitrogen Fixation · Nitrogen Assimilation and Amino Acid Synthesis
26	Pollution	Definition and Types of Pollution · Air Pollution · Water Pollution
27	Photosynthesis	Significance of Photosynthesis · Site and Pigments of Photosynthesis · Light Reaction (Photochemical Phase)
28	Human Diseases	Types of Diseases · Communicable Diseases and Transmission · Major Infectious Diseases
29	Cellular Respiration in Plants	Overview of Cellular Respiration · Steps of Aerobic Respiration · Anaerobic Respiration and Fermentation
30	Biotechnology	Introduction to Biotechnology · Genetic Engineering and r-DNA Technology · Steps in Recombinant DNA Technology
31	Nutrition and Digestion	Types of Nutrition · Steps in Holozoic Nutrition · Intracellular vs Extracellular Digestion
32	Immunobiology	Concept of Self and Non-Self · Lines of Defence in the Body · Immune System: Organs and Cells
33	Respiration and Elimination of Nitrogenous Wastes	Respiration and Breathing · Gas Transport in Blood · Excretion and Nitrogenous Wastes
34	Crop Improvement / Plant Breeding	Objectives of Plant Breeding · Methods of Plant Breeding · Selection Methods
35	Circulation of Body Fluids	Importance of Circulatory System · Open vs Closed Circulatory System · Human Circulatory System
36	Hurticulture, Mushroom Culture and Hydroponics	Horticulture and Ornamental Plants · Mushroom Culture · Hydroponics
37	Coordination and Control	The Human Neural System · Central Nervous System (CNS): Brain and Spinal Cord · Autonomic Neural System (ANS)
38	Plant Tissue Culture	Totipotency · Steps in Plant Tissue Culture · Nutrient Medium and Growth Regulators
39	Homeostasis	Concept of Homeostasis · Thermoregulation and Its Importance · Endotherms vs Ectotherms
40	Agriculture, Forestry and Medical Plants	Role of Agriculture · Classification of Crops · Green Revolution
41	Fisheries and Aquaculture	Types of Fisheries · Aquaculture and Pisciculture · Economic Importance of Fish and Other Aquatic Organisms

Preparation Strategy

Finish the textbook first — the prescribed textbook is the main source for school and board exams.
Keep a formula and definitions list — it makes last-week revision much faster.
Practise past papers — they show you the pattern questions follow.
Time your practice — attempt some papers under exam conditions.

Get chapter-wise help for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology

Super Tutor gives you chapter summaries, revision notes, practice quizzes and flashcards, organised around the Telangana Open School (TOSS) syllabus. Free to start.

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Frequently Asked Questions

Where can I find Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology Syllabus?

This page has syllabus for 41 chapters of Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology for the board exams 2027. Each chapter links to its own page with the full set.

How should I prepare for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology board exams?

Go through the syllabus first, then work chapter by chapter: learn the ideas, practise questions, and revise with notes and flashcards. Leave time at the end to revise every chapter once more under timed conditions.

Has the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology syllabus changed for 2026-27?

This page lists the chapters in the current Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology course. Boards revise syllabi from time to time, so check the board's official website for the latest notified syllabus.

More Biology Resources

Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12

Practice Quiz

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Important Questions

Exam-style questions with answers

Revision Notes

Key concepts and quick revision points

Formula Sheet

The formulas of each chapter in one place

Chapter Summary

Understand each chapter at a glance

Concept Maps

Diagrams showing how topics connect

Study Plan

Week-by-week preparation schedule

Flashcards

Quick-fire cards for active recall practice

Other Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Subjects

Physics Chemistry Mathematics English Hindi Telugu Economics Business Studies