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Syllabus

Photosynthesis — Syllabus

Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Biology

What Photosynthesis covers in Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology: 4 topics, for the 2026-27 session.

47 questions30 flashcards5 concepts

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4 Topics · Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology · 2026-27

Topics in Photosynthesis

1

Significance of Photosynthesis

  • Photosynthesis converts light energy into chemical energy stored in glucose.
  • It is the primary source of organic matter for all living organisms.
  • Oxygen released during photosynthesis supports aerobic respiration in most organisms.
2

Site and Pigments of Photosynthesis

  • Chloroplasts are the site of photosynthesis, mainly found in mesophyll cells of leaves.
  • Thylakoids contain pigments like chlorophyll-a, chlorophyll-b, carotenoids, and xanthophylls.
  • Chlorophyll-a is the main pigment that traps light energy and drives the process.
3

Light Reaction (Photochemical Phase)

  • Occurs in the thylakoid membranes of chloroplasts.
  • Requires light and involves Photosystem II (PSII) and Photosystem I (PSI).
  • Water is split into oxygen, protons, and electrons in a process called photolysis.
4

Dark Reaction (Biosynthetic Phase / Calvin Cycle)

  • Takes place in the stroma of chloroplasts and does not require light directly.
  • Uses ATP and NADPH from light reaction to fix CO₂ into glucose.
  • Main enzyme involved is RuBisCO (Ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase).

Key Concepts

Central concept: Photosynthesis

Definition of PhotosynthesisSignificance of PhotosynthesisChloroplast StructurePhotosynthetic PigmentsLight ReactionDark Reaction (Calvin Cycle)C3 and C4 PathwaysCAM Pathway

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Frequently Asked Questions

What are the important topics in Photosynthesis for Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology?
Key topics in Photosynthesis include Significance of Photosynthesis, Site and Pigments of Photosynthesis, Light Reaction (Photochemical Phase), Dark Reaction (Biosynthetic Phase / Calvin Cycle). Study these first, then practise questions on each for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam.
How should I revise Photosynthesis for the Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 board exam?
Learn the core ideas first, then work through the 47 practice questions on Photosynthesis. Revise definitions regularly and use flashcards for quick recall before the exam.

Sources & Official References

Content is aligned to the official syllabus. Refer to the board website for the latest curriculum.

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All Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology Syllabus

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