Motion in a Plane — Flashcards

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Scalar quantities have only magnitude (e.g., mass, temperature). Vector quantities have both magnitude and direction (e.g., velocity, force). Example: 5 kg (scalar), 10 m/s east (vector).

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A vector is represented by a directed line segment. The length shows magnitude on a scale, and the arrowhead indicates direction. The starting point is the tail, and the endpoint is the head.

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Two vectors are equal if they have the same magnitude and direction. Parallel vectors of same length and direction are equal, regardless of position.

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The negative of a vector has the same magnitude but opposite direction. For vector A, –A points in the opposite direction.

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If two vectors are represented by two sides of a triangle taken in order, their resultant is given by the third side taken in opposite order.

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Formula: R = √(A² + B² + 2ABcosθ) Given: A = 8 N, B = 6 N, θ = 90°, cos90° = 0 Step 1: R = √(8² + 6²) = √(64 + 36) = √100 = 10 N Answer: 10 N…

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Anti-parallel means θ = 180° A + B = 10 – 12 = –2 units (direction of B) A – B = 10 – (–12) = 10 + 12 = 22 units (direction of A)…

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The resultant is zero because the vectors form a closed triangle, meaning the tip of the last vector meets the tail of the first.