Electrostatic Potential and Capacitance

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Electric potential at a point is the work done in bringing a unit positive charge from infinity to that point against the electric field. It is a scalar quantity measured in volts (V). Example: If 1 j…

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The SI unit of electric potential is the volt (V). 1 volt = 1 joule per coulomb (1 J/C).

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Given: q = 20 × 10⁻⁶ C, r = 0.3 m, 1/(4πε₀) = 9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² Formula: V = (1/(4πε₀)) × (q/r) Step 1: V = (9 × 10⁹) × (20 × 10⁻⁶) / 0.3 Step 2: V = (9 × 10⁹) × (6.67 × 10⁻⁵) Step 3: V = 6 × 10⁵ V Answe…

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V = (1/(4πε₀)) × (q/r), where: - V = electric potential (in volts) - q = point charge (in coulombs) - r = distance from charge (in meters) - 1/(4πε₀) = 9 × 10⁹ Nm²/C² Example: For q = 1 μC at r = 1 m,…

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For a dipole with charges +q and –q separated by 2l, at distance r on axial line: V = V₁ + V₂ = (1/(4πε₀)) × [q/(r–l) – q/(r+l)] Simplify: V = (1/(4πε₀)) × [2ql / (r²–l²)] For r >> l: V ≈ (1/(4πε₀)) ×…

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The electric potential at any point on the equatorial line of a dipole is zero. This is because the distances to +q and –q are equal, so their potentials cancel out. V = V₁ + V₂ = (kq/r) – (kq/r) = 0.

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On the equatorial line, a point is equidistant from both +q and –q charges of the dipole. The positive charge creates a positive potential, and the negative charge creates an equal negative potential.

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Potential difference between two points is the work done per unit charge in moving a positive test charge from one point to another against the electric field. Formula: V_B – V_A = W/q₀. Unit: volt (V…