Newton’s Laws of Motion

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A body continues in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by a net external force. Example: A book on a table remains at rest until someone pushes it.

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Inertia is the property of a body to resist changes in its state of rest or uniform motion. It depends only on the mass of the object — greater mass means greater inertia.

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Due to inertia of motion. The passenger’s body tends to remain in motion even when the bus stops. This is explained by Newton’s First Law.

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The SI unit of force is newton (N). 1 N is the force required to produce an acceleration of 1 m/s² in a mass of 1 kg.

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Formula: p = mv Step 1: m = 5 kg, v = 4 m/s Step 2: p = 5 × 4 = 20 kg·m/s Answer: 20 kg·m/s…

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Initial momentum = 0.2 × 10 = 2 kg·m/s Final momentum = 0.2 × (-10) = -2 kg·m/s Change in momentum = pf - pi = -2 - 2 = -4 kg·m/s Magnitude: 4 kg·m/s…

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The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the net external force acting on it, and the change occurs in the direction of the force. Formula: F = ma.

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Formula: F = ma → a = F/m Step 1: F = 20 N, m = 4 kg Step 2: a = 20 / 4 = 5 m/s² Answer: 5 m/s²…