Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Physics — Flashcards for Quick Revision

A: A physical quantity is any quantity that can be measured. Examples: length, time. These are expressed as a numerical value followed by a unit, such as 5 m or 10 s.

A: Fundamental quantities are independent physical quantities that cannot be defined in terms of other quantities. Three examples are: length, mass, and time.

A: A derived quantity is obtained by combining fundamental quantities. Example: speed = distance/time. Its unit is m/s, derived from metre and second.

A: The magnifying power is given by: $$ M = 1 + \frac{D}{f} $$ Where: - $ D = 25 \,\text{cm} $ (least distance of distinct vision) - $ f $ is the focal length of the convex lens. This formula applies

A: Given: - $ f = 5 \,\text{cm} $ - $ D = 25 \,\text{cm} $ Formula: $$ M = 1 + \frac{D}{f} $$ Step 1: Substitute values $$ M = 1 + \frac{25}{5} = 1 + 5 = 6 $$ Answer: The magnifying power is **6**.

A: Angular magnification (or magnifying power) is the ratio of the angle subtended by the image at the eye to the angle subtended by the object when placed at the least distance of distinct vision. $$ M

A: Distance is the total path length covered by an object during motion. It has only magnitude and no direction, so it is a scalar quantity.

A: Displacement is the shortest distance between initial and final positions of an object, with direction. Unlike distance (scalar), displacement is a vector quantity. For example, going 10 m east and re

A: Total distance = 60 m + 40 m = 100 m. Displacement = 60 m (east) – 40 m (west) = +20 m (east). So, distance = 100 m, displacement = 20 m east.