Sound Waves

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A longitudinal wave is one in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the direction of wave propagation. Example: Sound waves in air. As sound travels, air molecules compress and rarefy …

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A transverse wave is one in which the particles of the medium vibrate perpendicular to the direction of wave propagation. Example: Ripples on water surface. Water particles move up and down while the …

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In longitudinal waves, particle vibration is parallel to wave direction (e.g., sound). In transverse waves, particle vibration is perpendicular to wave direction (e.g., light or water ripples). Longit…

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A progressive wave is a wave that travels continuously in one direction through a medium, transferring energy without transferring matter. The wave profile moves forward, and each particle oscillates …

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The displacement equation is: $$ y(x,t) = A \sin(kx \pm \omega t + \phi) $$ Where: - $ A $: Amplitude (maximum displacement) - $ k $: Wave number = $ 2\pi / \lambda $ - $ \omega $: Angular frequenc…

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Given: - Frequency $ f = 500 \,\text{Hz} $ - Wavelength $ \lambda = 0.7 \,\text{m} $ Formula: $ v = f \lambda $ Step: $ v = 500 \times 0.7 = 350 \,\text{m/s} $ Answer: 350 m/s…

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Given: - $ v = 340 \,\text{m/s} $ - $ \lambda = 1.7 \,\text{m} $ Formula: $ f = v / \lambda $ Step: $ f = 340 / 1.7 = 200 \,\text{Hz} $ Answer: 200 Hz…

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Speed of sound depends on: 1. **Elasticity** – Higher elasticity increases speed. 2. **Density** – Higher density decreases speed. 3. **Temperature** – In gases, higher temperature increases speed. E…