Cell Structure and Function — Flashcards

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A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. It is a unit of protoplasm bounded by a plasma membrane and contains a nucleus (in eukaryotes). All living organisms are made up of cells, w…

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Robert Hooke discovered the cell in 1665 while observing a thin slice of cork under a microscope. He saw small box-like compartments and named them 'cells' from the Latin word 'cellula', meaning 'smal…

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Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell that performs all life functions such as feeding, movement, and respiration. Examples include bacteria and protozoans like Amoeba.

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Multicellular organisms consist of many cells that are specialized to perform specific functions. Cells are grouped into tissues and organs. Examples include plants and animals.

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Viruses lack a cell structure or cellular organization. They do not have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, or organelles. They can only reproduce inside host cells, so they are not classified as living ce…

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1. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. 2. All cells have similar chemical composition and genetic material (DNA). 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell divi…

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The cell theory was proposed by Matthias Schleiden (a botanist) and Theodor Schwann (a zoologist) in 1839. Later, Rudolf Virchow added that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1855.

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The three major components of a cell are: 1. Plasma membrane – outer boundary, 2. Cytoplasm – jelly-like substance containing organelles, 3. Nucleus – contains genetic material and controls cell activ…