Cell Structure and Function
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Biology
Flashcards for Cell Structure and Function — Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Biology. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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What is a cell?
Answer
A cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. It is a unit of protoplasm bounded by a plasma membrane and contains a nucleus (in eukaryotes). All living organisms are made up of cells, w…
Who discovered the cell and how?
Answer
Robert Hooke discovered the cell in 1665 while observing a thin slice of cork under a microscope. He saw small box-like compartments and named them 'cells' from the Latin word 'cellula', meaning 'smal…
What are unicellular organisms? Give examples.
Answer
Unicellular organisms are made up of a single cell that performs all life functions such as feeding, movement, and respiration. Examples include bacteria and protozoans like Amoeba.
What are multicellular organisms? Give examples.
Answer
Multicellular organisms consist of many cells that are specialized to perform specific functions. Cells are grouped into tissues and organs. Examples include plants and animals.
Why are viruses considered non-cellular?
Answer
Viruses lack a cell structure or cellular organization. They do not have a plasma membrane, cytoplasm, or organelles. They can only reproduce inside host cells, so they are not classified as living ce…
State the three main points of the modern cell theory.
Answer
1. The cell is the basic structural and functional unit of life. 2. All cells have similar chemical composition and genetic material (DNA). 3. All cells arise from pre-existing cells through cell divi…
Who proposed the cell theory and when?
Answer
The cell theory was proposed by Matthias Schleiden (a botanist) and Theodor Schwann (a zoologist) in 1839. Later, Rudolf Virchow added that all cells come from pre-existing cells in 1855.
What are the three major components of a cell?
Answer
The three major components of a cell are: 1. Plasma membrane – outer boundary, 2. Cytoplasm – jelly-like substance containing organelles, 3. Nucleus – contains genetic material and controls cell activ…
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