Kingdom Planate and Animalia — Flashcards

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Kingdom Plantae includes multicellular, eukaryotic, photosynthetic organisms that are autotrophs. Their cell walls are made of cellulose. The plant body may be thalloid or differentiated into root, st…

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The three classes of algae are: 1. Chlorophyceae (Green algae) – e.g., Chlamydomonas 2. Phaeophyceae (Brown algae) – e.g., Laminaria 3. Rhodophyceae (Red algae) – e.g., Porphyra…

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Algae reproduce by: - Vegetative: fragmentation - Asexual: spore formation - Sexual: fusion of gametes — isogamy (equal gametes, e.g., Spirogyra), anisogamy (unequal gametes), or oogamy (large non-mot…

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Bryophytes live on land but need water for sexual reproduction because the male gametes (antherozoids) must swim to reach the egg in the archegonium. Thus, they depend on water for fertilization, just…

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The dominant phase is the haploid gametophyte. It is independent, photosynthetic, and bears the sex organs — antheridia (male) and archegonia (female). The diploid sporophyte remains attached to and d…

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1. Hepaticopsida – Liverworts, e.g., Riccia, Marchantia 2. Anthocerotopsida – Hornworts, e.g., Anthoceros 3. Bryopsida – Mosses, e.g., Funaria, Sphagnum…

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Pteridophytes are the first land plants with vascular tissues (xylem and phloem). The plant body is a sporophyte differentiated into root, stem, and leaves. They show alternation of generations. Spore…

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Homosporous pteridophytes produce one type of spore (e.g., Nephrolepis), which develops into a bisexual gametophyte. Heterosporous pteridophytes produce two types — microspores (male) and megaspores (…