Crop Improvement / Plant Breeding — Flashcards

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Plant breeding is the scientific process of improving crop plants by altering their genetic makeup to develop new varieties that are superior in yield, quality, disease resistance, and adaptability. I…

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Crop improvement refers to the enhancement of crop plants through genetic modification to produce new varieties that are better than existing ones in traits like yield, quality, and resistance to pest…

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The main objectives of plant breeding are: (1) to develop varieties with high yield and good quality, (2) to introduce disease and pest resistance, (3) to improve drought and stress tolerance, (4) to …

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Introduction is the method of bringing high-yielding crop varieties from their natural habitat into new regions. The plant must adapt to the new environment through acclimatization. For example, IR-8 …

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Germplasm refers to the collection of seeds, pollen, or plant parts that contain all possible alleles for all genes in a crop species. It serves as a genetic resource for plant breeding programs and h…

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Mass selection is a method where plants are selected based on their visible traits (phenotype) from a mixed population. Their seeds are mixed and used to grow the next generation. It is commonly used …

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Pure line selection is a method used for self-pollinated crops where a single superior plant is selected, and its progeny are grown separately over several generations. After 8–10 years of selection, …

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Clonal selection is the process of developing new varieties from a single plant through vegetative propagation. All plants in a clone are genetically identical. This method is used in crops like potat…