Homeostasis — Flashcards

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Homeostasis is the process by which the body maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions. It ensures that factors like temperature, water content, sugar levels, and …

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Cells require a stable internal environment to function efficiently. Factors like temperature, pH, and chemical concentrations must remain within specific limits. If these fluctuate too much, enzymes …

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1. Body temperature (thermoregulation) 2. Blood sugar levels (regulated by insulin and glucagon) 3. Water balance (controlled by kidneys and ADH hormone). These are kept within narrow ranges to ensure…

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Thermoregulation is the process by which the body maintains a constant internal temperature despite changes in the external environment. In humans, the normal core body temperature is around 37°C. Thi…

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Thermoregulation is necessary because enzymes, which control all metabolic reactions, are highly sensitive to temperature. Above 45°C, enzymes get denatured and stop working. Below 0°C, water freezes …

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At 0°C and below, enzymes become inactive due to low molecular movement. Although they are not destroyed, their activity slows down significantly. Additionally, freezing of water inside and between ce…

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At 45°C and above, enzymes begin to denature. Their three-dimensional structure unfolds, making them unable to bind with substrates. This stops catalytic activity and disrupts metabolic processes. Pro…

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The optimum temperature for most human enzymes is between 35°C and 40°C, with 37°C being the average body temperature. At this range, enzyme activity is highest and metabolic reactions proceed efficie…