Compounds of Carbon Containing Halogens (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes) — Flashcards

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Haloalkanes are halogen derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons where a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I) is bonded to an sp³ carbon. Haloarenes are aromatic halogen compounds where the halogen is directly at…

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1-Bromopropane. The longest carbon chain has 3 carbons (propane), and the bromine is on carbon 1.

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2-Chloro-2-methylpropane. The parent chain is propane with a chlorine and methyl group on carbon 2.

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Chlorobenzene. Since the halogen is directly attached to benzene, no numbering is needed unless other substituents are present.

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1,3-Dibromo-5-ethylbenzene or m-bromo-m-ethylbromobenzene. The benzene ring has bromine at positions 1 and 3, and ethyl at position 5.

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CH₃–CH₃ + Cl₂ → CH₃–CH₂Cl + HCl. This is free radical chlorination, producing chloroethane.

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CH₃CH₂OH + HBr → CH₃CH₂Br + H₂O. Reflux ethanol with HBr and conc. H₂SO₄ as catalyst.

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CH₃CH₂OH + PCl₅ → CH₃CH₂Cl + POCl₃ + HCl. Phosphorus pentachloride converts alcohols to chloroalkanes.