Compounds of Carbon Containing Halogens (Haloalkanes and Haloarenes)
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
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Define haloalkanes and haloarenes.
Answer
Haloalkanes are halogen derivatives of aliphatic hydrocarbons where a halogen atom (F, Cl, Br, I) is bonded to an sp³ carbon. Haloarenes are aromatic halogen compounds where the halogen is directly at…
Name the compound: CH₃CH₂CH₂Br using IUPAC rules.
Answer
1-Bromopropane. The longest carbon chain has 3 carbons (propane), and the bromine is on carbon 1.
What is the IUPAC name of tert-butyl chloride?
Answer
2-Chloro-2-methylpropane. The parent chain is propane with a chlorine and methyl group on carbon 2.
Give the IUPAC name of chlorobenzene.
Answer
Chlorobenzene. Since the halogen is directly attached to benzene, no numbering is needed unless other substituents are present.
Name: 1,3-Dibromo-5-ethylbenzene.
Answer
1,3-Dibromo-5-ethylbenzene or m-bromo-m-ethylbromobenzene. The benzene ring has bromine at positions 1 and 3, and ethyl at position 5.
Write the reaction of ethane with Cl₂ in sunlight.
Answer
CH₃–CH₃ + Cl₂ → CH₃–CH₂Cl + HCl. This is free radical chlorination, producing chloroethane.
How is bromoethane prepared from ethanol?
Answer
CH₃CH₂OH + HBr → CH₃CH₂Br + H₂O. Reflux ethanol with HBr and conc. H₂SO₄ as catalyst.
What happens when ethanol reacts with PCl₅?
Answer
CH₃CH₂OH + PCl₅ → CH₃CH₂Cl + POCl₃ + HCl. Phosphorus pentachloride converts alcohols to chloroalkanes.
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