Air Pollution

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Nitrogen makes up about 78.9% of the volume of dry air. It is the most abundant gas in the atmosphere.

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Oxygen constitutes approximately 20.94% of the volume of dry air.

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Examples of trace gases include carbon dioxide (CO₂), methane (CH₄), hydrogen (H₂), helium (He), and ozone (O₃).

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Air pollution refers to the harmful alteration of the atmosphere due to the introduction of pollutants from human activities. These pollutants include gases like SO₂, NOₓ, CO, and particulate matter, …

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The five layers are: 1. Troposphere, 2. Stratosphere, 3. Mesosphere, 4. Thermosphere, 5. Exosphere. The troposphere is where weather occurs, and the stratosphere contains the ozone layer.

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Photosynthesis is the process by which green plants use sunlight, CO₂, and water to produce glucose and oxygen. Balanced Equation: 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l) → C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g) Chlorophyll in leaves capt…

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Cellular respiration is the process by which organisms break down glucose in the presence of oxygen to release energy (ATP), CO₂, and water. Balanced Equation: C₆H₁₂O₆(aq) + 6O₂(g) → 6CO₂(g) + 6H₂O(l…

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Microorganisms like bacteria and fungi decompose dead organic matter. During this process, carbon in organic compounds is oxidized and released as CO₂ into the atmosphere through microbial respiration…