General Characteristics of the p-block Elements — Flashcards

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The general outer electronic configuration of p-block elements is ns²np¹⁻⁶. This means that the last electron enters the p-orbital of the outermost shell.

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Atomic size decreases from left to right across a period because electrons are added to the same valence shell while the nuclear charge increases. This increases the effective nuclear pull on electron…

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SiCl₄(l) + 4H₂O(l) → Si(OH)₄(s) + 4HCl(aq) Silicon tetrachloride undergoes hydrolysis to form silicic acid and hydrochloric acid. This occurs because Si has vacant d-orbitals that can accept lone pai…

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Formula: Z_eff = Z − σ Given: Z = 6, σ = 2.75 Step 1: Z_eff = 6 − 2.75 = 3.25 Answer: 3.25…

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Nitrogen has a half-filled p-orbital configuration (2p³), which is extra stable due to symmetry and exchange energy. Removing an electron from this stable configuration requires more energy. Oxygen ha…

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Electron gain enthalpy is the energy change when an electron is added to a neutral gaseous atom. Fluorine has a smaller atomic size than chlorine. The compact 2p subshell causes significant electron-e…

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4B(s) + 3O₂(g) → 2B₂O₃(s) Boron burns in oxygen to form boron trioxide, a glassy solid. This reaction shows the non-metallic character of boron.

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Order: B < C < O < N Explanation: Ionization enthalpy generally increases across a period. However, N has higher IE than O due to its half-filled stability (2p³). B has the lowest as it has the larges…