p-block Elements and their Compounds - I
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
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Write the balanced chemical equation for the preparation of boric acid from borax.
Answer
Na₂B₄O₇ + H₂SO₄ + 5H₂O → Na₂SO₄ + 4H₃BO₃ Explanation: Borax reacts with sulfuric acid and water to form sodium sulfate and boric acid (H₃BO₃), which separates as white flaky crystals.
Why is boric acid considered a Lewis acid rather than a protonic acid?
Answer
Boric acid (B(OH)₃) acts as a Lewis acid because it accepts a lone pair of electrons from OH⁻ ion of water instead of donating a proton. The reaction is: B(OH)₃ + 2H₂O ⇌ [B(OH)₄]⁻ + H₃O⁺ This shows …
Describe the structure of diborane (B₂H₆).
Answer
Diborane has an electron-deficient structure with two boron atoms and six hydrogen atoms. Four terminal hydrogen atoms are bonded normally (2c-2e bonds), while two bridging hydrogen atoms form 3-cente…
How is diborane prepared using lithium aluminium hydride?
Answer
4BCl₃ + 3LiAlH₄ → 2B₂H₆ + 3AlCl₃ + 3LiCl Explanation: Boron trichloride reacts with lithium aluminium hydride to produce diborane gas along with aluminium chloride and lithium chloride as byproducts.
What happens when diborane is hydrolyzed?
Answer
B₂H₆ + 6H₂O → 2H₃BO₃ + 6H₂ Explanation: Diborane undergoes complete hydrolysis in water to form boric acid and hydrogen gas. This reaction confirms its high reactivity with water.
Explain the resonance in boron trifluoride (BF₃).
Answer
BF₃ exhibits resonance due to pπ-pπ back bonding. The boron atom is sp² hybridized and electron-deficient. Fluorine donates lone pairs into empty p-orbital of boron, creating partial double bond chara…
Why does AlCl₃ exist as a dimer (Al₂Cl₆)?
Answer
Aluminium trichloride is electron-deficient as Al has only 6 electrons in its valence shell. To complete the octet, two AlCl₃ molecules dimerize through coordinate bonds. Two chlorine atoms act as bri…
Write the formula and use of potash alum.
Answer
Formula: KAl(SO₄)₂·12H₂O Uses: 1. As a mordant in dyeing to fix dyes on fabrics. 2. In water purification to coagulate impurities. 3. In medicine as an astringent.
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