Drugs and Medicines — Flashcards
Telangana Open School (TOSS) · Class 12 · Chemistry
35 flashcards for Drugs and Medicines (Telangana Open School (TOSS) Class 12 Chemistry) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Sample: "Define medicine."
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Define medicine.
Answer
A medicine is a chemical substance used for the treatment or prevention of diseases. It may contain one or more chemicals that produce a desired therapeutic effect on the body.
What is the difference between a drug and a medicine?
Answer
Medicines are chemicals used to treat or prevent diseases and are approved by health authorities. The term 'drug' can also refer to habit-forming substances like morphine or heroin that are often abus…
What are pharmaceuticals?
Answer
Pharmaceuticals are chemical substances used as medicines. These are scientifically tested, approved by regulatory bodies like the Drug Controller of India, and manufactured under strict quality contr…
Name the compound in Rauwolfia serpentina that reduces blood pressure.
Answer
Reserpine is the compound found in Rauwolfia serpentina (sarpagandha) that helps reduce high blood pressure. It was one of the first modern medicines derived from plants.
What are antipyretics? Give two examples.
Answer
Antipyretics are medicines that reduce body temperature during fever. Examples: Aspirin (acetyl salicylic acid) and Paracetamol (N-acetyl p-aminophenol).
Write the chemical name of aspirin and its preparation reaction.
Answer
Chemical name: Acetyl salicylic acid. Preparation: Salicylic acid reacts with acetic anhydride to form aspirin and acetic acid. Balanced Equation: C₇H₆O₃ + (CH₃CO)₂O → C₉H₈O₄ + CH₃COOH (Salicylic ac…
What are analgesics? Differentiate between narcotic and non-narcotic types.
Answer
Analgesics are pain-relieving medicines. - Narcotic analgesics (e.g., morphine, codeine): cause sleep, highly addictive, used for severe pain. - Non-narcotic analgesics (e.g., aspirin, ibuprofen): do…
Why is aspirin considered both an analgesic and an antipyretic?
Answer
Aspirin reduces pain (analgesic action) by inhibiting pain-signaling chemicals and lowers fever (antipyretic action) by acting on the hypothalamus to reduce body temperature. It also has anti-inflamma…
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