Periodic Table and Atomic Properties

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The properties of elements are a periodic function of their atomic numbers. This means that when elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic number, their physical and chemical properties repe…

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Dobereiner’s Triad is a group of three elements with similar chemical properties, where the atomic weight of the middle element is approximately the average of the other two. Example: Lithium (6.94), …

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Newlands arranged elements in increasing order of atomic weights and observed that every eighth element had properties similar to the first, like musical notes. This pattern worked only up to calcium …

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Mendeleev left gaps for undiscovered elements and predicted their properties based on periodic trends. For example, he predicted 'Eka-silicon' (later discovered as Germanium) with properties matching …

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Mendeleev’s table was based on atomic weights, while the Modern Periodic Table is based on atomic numbers. The modern arrangement resolves anomalies like the position of isotopes and provides a more a…

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The general electronic configuration of s-block elements is ns¹⁻², where n is the principal quantum number. These include Group 1 (alkali metals: ns¹) and Group 2 (alkaline earth metals: ns²).

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The general electronic configuration of p-block elements is ns² np¹⁻⁶. These elements span Groups 13 to 18 and include metals, non-metals, and metalloids.

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The general electronic configuration of d-block elements is (n–1)d¹⁻¹⁰ ns⁰⁻². These are transition metals found in Groups 3 to 12.