Elastic Properties of solids — Flashcards
NIOS · Class 12 · Physics
38 flashcards for Elastic Properties of solids (NIOS Class 12 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts. Part of the NIOS Class 12 Physics syllabus.
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Define Elasticity. Give one example of an elastic body and one example of a plastic body.
Answer
Elasticity is the property of matter by which a body regains its original shape and size after the removal of the deforming force. ✅ Elastic body example: Steel spring, quartz fiber (nearest to perfe…
What is stress? Write its formula, unit, and the three types of stress.
Answer
Stress = Internal restoring force per unit area of cross-section of a deformed body. 📐 Formula: Stress = F / A where F = deforming force (N), A = cross-sectional area (m²) 📏 Unit: N m⁻² (or Pascal, …
What is strain? Write its formula and the three types of strain.
Answer
Strain = Change in dimension per unit original dimension. It is a dimensionless quantity (no units). 📌 Three Types: 1. Linear Strain = ΔL / L (change in length / original length) 2. Volume Strai…
State Hooke's Law. Write its mathematical form and explain the modulus of elasticity.
Answer
Hooke's Law (1678): Within the elastic limit, stress is directly proportional to the corresponding strain. 📐 Mathematical Form: Stress ∝ Strain ⟹ Stress / Strain = E (constant) where E = Modulus of …
Define Young's Modulus. Derive its formula for a wire hanging vertically with a mass M.
Answer
Young's Modulus (Y) = Longitudinal Stress / Longitudinal Strain 📐 Derivation for a hanging wire: Given: Wire of length L, radius r, loaded with mass M Step 1: Longitudinal Stress = F/A = Mg / πr² S…
Define Bulk Modulus. Write its formula and define Compressibility.
Answer
Bulk Modulus (B) = Normal Stress / Volume Strain 📐 Formula: B = ΔP / (ΔV/V) = V × ΔP / ΔV where: • ΔP = change in pressure (N m⁻²) • ΔV = change in volume (m³) • V = original volume (m³) 📏 Unit: N …
Define Modulus of Rigidity (Shear Modulus). Write its formula.
Answer
Modulus of Rigidity (η) = Shearing Stress / Shearing Strain 📐 Formula: η = (F/A) / θ = F / (A × θ) where: • F = tangential force (N) • A = area on which force acts (m²) • θ = shearing strain (angle …
NUMERICAL: A load of 100 kg is suspended by a wire of length 1.0 m and cross-sectional area 0.10 cm². The wire stretches by 0.20 cm. Find (i) Tensile stress (ii) Strain. (g = 9.8 m/s²)
Answer
✅ Given: M = 100 kg, L = 1.0 m, A = 0.10 cm² = 0.10 × 10⁻⁴ m², ΔL = 0.20 cm = 0.20 × 10⁻² m, g = 9.8 m/s² (i) Tensile Stress: Stress = F/A = Mg/A Stress = (100 × 9.8) / (0.10 × 10⁻⁴) Stress = 980 / (…
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