Electric Charge and Electric Field — Flashcards
NIOS · Class 12 · Physics
34 flashcards for Electric Charge and Electric Field (NIOS Class 12 Physics) to test yourself on key terms and facts.
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State Coulomb's Law of electrostatics. Give the mathematical expression.
Answer
Coulomb's Law states that the electrostatic force between two stationary point charges is: • Directly proportional to the product of the charges (q₁ × q₂) • Inversely proportional to the square of the…
Two charges, each of 6.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ C, are separated by a distance of 2.0 m. Calculate the magnitude of the Coulomb force between them.
Answer
GIVEN: q₁ = q₂ = 6.0 × 10⁻¹⁰ C r = 2.0 m k = 9 × 10⁹ N·m²/C² FIND: F = ? FORMULA: F = k × q₁ × q₂ / r² SOLUTION: F = (9 × 10⁹) × (6.0 × 10⁻¹⁰) × (6.0 × 10⁻¹⁰) / (2.0)² F = (9 × 10⁹) × (36 × 10⁻²⁰) …
What is the Principle of Superposition of electric forces? How is the net force on a charge calculated when multiple charges are present?
Answer
Principle of Superposition states that the total electrostatic force on a charge q₁ due to multiple other charges is the VECTOR SUM of all individual forces. If charges q₂, q₃, q₄ exert forces F₁₂, F…
A charge +q₁ = 12 C is placed 4.0 m from +q₂ = 6 C. Where should a charge q₃ be placed on the line joining them so that q₃ experiences zero net force?
Answer
GIVEN: q₁ = 12 C, q₂ = 6 C, separation = 4 m Let q₃ be placed at distance x from q₁ FORCE BALANCE CONDITION: F₃₁ = F₃₂ k × 12 × q₃ / x² = k × 6 × q₃ / (4 - x)² Simplifying: 12 / x² = 6 / (4 - x)² 2(…
Define Electric Field. Write its mathematical expression, SI unit, and direction convention.
Answer
Electric Field (E) at a point is defined as the electrostatic force experienced by a unit positive test charge placed at that point. Formula: E = F / q₀ For a point charge q: E = k × q / r² (directi…
The electric force at a point due to a charge q = 3.5 μC is 8.5 × 10⁻⁴ N. Calculate the electric field strength at that point.
Answer
GIVEN: F = 8.5 × 10⁻⁴ N q = 3.5 μC = 3.5 × 10⁻⁶ C FIND: E = ? FORMULA: E = F / q SOLUTION: E = (8.5 × 10⁻⁴ N) / (3.5 × 10⁻⁶ C) E = (8.5 / 3.5) × 10⁻⁴⁺⁶ E = 2.43 × 10² N/C ANSWER: E = 243 N/C Veri…
Why must the test charge q₀ used to measure electric field be infinitesimally small?
Answer
The test charge q₀ must be infinitesimally small because: Problem with large test charge: • A large q₀ creates its own electric field, which redistributes charges on the source conductor • This redis…
Define Electric Dipole and Dipole Moment. What are the SI units and direction of the dipole moment vector?
Answer
Electric Dipole: A system of two equal and opposite charges (+q and −q) separated by a small distance 2l. Example: Water molecule (H₂O) is a natural dipole. Dipole Moment (p): • Definition: Product …
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