Laws of Motion
NIOS · Class 12 · Physics
Flashcards for Laws of Motion — NIOS Class 12 Physics. Quick Q&A cards covering key concepts, definitions, and formulas.
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See them allState Newton's First Law of Motion. What physical property does it introduce?
Answer
Newton's First Law: A body continues to be in a state of rest or of uniform motion in a straight line unless acted upon by a net external force. Physical Property Introduced: INERTIA — the tendency o…
What is Inertia? How does mass relate to inertia? Give two real-life examples.
Answer
Inertia: The property of a body by which it resists any change in its state of rest or uniform motion in a straight line. Relation with Mass: Mass is the quantitative measure of inertia. A heavier bo…
State Newton's Second Law of Motion and derive F = ma.
Answer
Newton's Second Law: The rate of change of momentum of a body is directly proportional to the net external force acting on it, and the change occurs in the direction of the force. Derivation: Step 1:…
A ball of mass 0.4 kg starts rolling at 20 m/s and stops after 10 s. Find the stopping force.
Answer
Given: • m = 0.4 kg • Initial velocity u = 20 m/s • Final velocity v = 0 m/s • t = 10 s Find: Force F Formula: F = m·a = m·(v – u)/t Solution: Step 1: a = (0 – 20)/10 = –2 m/s² Step 2: F = 0.4 × (–…
A 50 N constant force acts on a 10 kg body moving at 10 m/s in the opposite direction. How long does it take to stop?
Answer
Given: • F = –50 N (opposite to motion) • m = 10 kg • u = 10 m/s • v = 0 m/s Find: time t Formula: F = m·(v – u)/t → t = m·(v – u)/F Solution: Step 1: t = 10 × (0 – 10) / (–50) Step 2: t = –100 / –…
What is Linear Momentum? Write its formula, SI unit, and nature (scalar/vector).
Answer
Linear Momentum (p): The product of the mass and velocity of a body. Formula: p = m·v SI Unit: kg·m/s (kilogram metre per second) Nature: VECTOR quantity — direction is same as velocity. Key Point…
A rubber ball of mass 0.2 kg hits a wall at 10 m/s and rebounds at the same speed. Find the change in momentum.
Answer
Given: • m = 0.2 kg • Speed before hitting = 10 m/s (take as +x direction) • Speed after rebound = 10 m/s (in –x direction) Find: Change in momentum Δp Solution: Step 1: Initial momentum pᵢ = 0.2 × …
A 2 kg object is dropped from rest. Find its momentum at t = 0 s, t = 1 s, and t = 2 s. (g = 9.8 m/s²)
Answer
Given: m = 2 kg, u = 0 m/s, g = 9.8 m/s² (downward) Formula: v = u + gt, then p = mv At t = 0 s: • v = 0 m/s → p = 2 × 0 = 0 kg·m/s At t = 1 s: • v = 0 + 9.8 × 1 = 9.8 m/s ↓ • p = 2 × 9.8 = 19.6 kg…
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